CS2254 OPERATING SYSTEMS
AIM:
To learn the various aspects of operating systems such as process management, memory management, and I/O management
UNIT I PROCESSES AND THREADS
Introduction to operating systems – review of computer organization – operating system structures – system calls – system programs – system structure – virtual machines. Processes: Process concept – Process scheduling – Operations on processes – Cooperating processes – Interprocess communication – Communication in client-server systems. Case study: IPC in Linux. Threads: Multi-threading models – Threading issues. Case Study: Pthreads library
UNIT II PROCESS SCHEDULING AND SYNCHRONIZATION
CPU Scheduling: Scheduling criteria – Scheduling algorithms – Multiple-processor scheduling – Real time scheduling – Algorithm Evaluation. Case study: Process scheduling in Linux. Process Synchronization: The critical-section problem – Synchronization hardware – Semaphores – Classic problems of synchronization – critical regions – Monitors. Deadlock: System model – Deadlock characterization – Methods for handling deadlocks – Deadlock prevention – Deadlock avoidance – Deadlock detection – Recovery from deadlock.
UNIT III STORAGE MANAGEMENT
Memory Management: Background – Swapping – Contiguous memory allocation – Paging – Segmentation – Segmentation with paging. Virtual Memory: Background – Demand paging – Process creation – Page replacement – Allocation of frames – Thrashing. Case Study: Memory management in Linux
UNIT IV FILE SYSTEMS
File-System Interface: File concept – Access methods – Directory structure – Filesystem mounting – Protection. File-System Implementation : Directory implementation – Allocation methods – Free-space management – efficiency and performance – recovery – log-structured file systems. Case studies: File system in Linux – file system in Windows XP
UNIT V I/O SYSTEMS
I/O Systems – I/O Hardware – Application I/O interface – kernel I/O subsystem – streams – performance. Mass-Storage Structure: Disk scheduling – Disk management – Swap-space management – RAID – disk attachment – stable storage – tertiary storage. Case study: I/O in Linux
TEXT BOOK
1. Silberschatz, Galvin, and Gagne, “Operating System Concepts”, Sixth Edition, Wiley India Pvt Ltd, 2003.
REFERENCES
1. Andrew S. Tanenbaum, “Modern Operating Systems”, Second Edition, Pearson Education, 2004.
2. Gary Nutt, “Operating Systems”, Third Edition, Pearson Education, 2004.
3. Harvey M. Deital, “Operating Systems”, Third Edition, Pearson Education, 2004.